My Circuit

Normally cell batteries have a shelf life of 2 to 5 years under normal use . After that time we have to replace them . Nowadays there replacement batteries which are cheap, but these batteries last for much less cost only months. An easy solution is to use batteries in a circuit that requires less current , we can use them for lighting LEDs .  How to Reuse Old Cell Battery for LED lighting 

Imagine for aquarium lighting that gives a natural look, which is automatic and still use LED bulbs. That must cost a fortune, but even if you build a circuit of LED lighting that turns on automatically at sunset, off at dawn and switches the white, blue and green to give a different touch to the aquarium can get cheapie as in the above circuit. The interrupt circuit uses an LDR light sensor as making automatic switching, activating IC1 CD4060 which is a binary counter with 10 outputs, mixing colors and creating a colorful beautiful to the bottom of the aquarium tank.   Automatic Lighting Aquarium Circuit Diagram

GDT’s are special type of gas filled tubes used for wide range of electronic/electrical circuits for providing protection against lightning and other power surges.  These tubes basically has two electrodes that are kept inside a gas filled closed envelope. In case of electronic applications, the container is mostly ceramic in nature. For high grade electrical applications military tubes are used. The electrical characteristics of this tubes depends on the pressure and composition of gas, and the distance between the two electrodes contained inside. The most commonly used gases in GDT’s are given below. 1) Hydrogen gases 2) Deuterium gases 3) Noble gases 4) Elemental vapors (metals and nonmetals) 5) Other gases 6) Insulating gases An image of a ceramic discharge tube is shown below. Take a look. There will be conduction inside the GDT’s due to ionization of gas molecules. Each GDT have a specific voltage and current rating. A simple lightning protector circuit is given below. Lighti...