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Simple triangle-square wave oscillator circuit diagram . In this circuit by making Rt variable it is possible to alter the operating frequency over a 100 to 1 range Versatile triangle/square wave oscillator has a possible frequency range of 0 Hz to 100 kHz. Triangle Square wave Oscillator Circuit Diagram

This is a Electronic Extended Play Circuit Diagram. A single op amp-one of four contained in the popular LM324-is operating in a variable pulse width, free-running square wave oscillator circuit, with its timed output driving two transistors that control the on/ off cycle of the tape-drive motor. The Oscillator` s positive feedback path holds the secret to the successful operation of the variable on/ off timing signal.   Electronic Extended Play Circuit Diagram The two diodes and pulse width potentiometer R8 allows the setting of the on and off time, without affecting the oscillator`s operating frequency. One diode allows only the discharge current to flow through it and the section of R8 that it`s connected to. The other diode, and its portion of R8, sets the charge time for the timing capacitor, C3. Since the recorder`s speed is controlled by the precise off/on timing of the oscillator, a simple voltage-regulator circuit (Ql, R3, and D4) is included.  Connecting the spe...

LA4440 is a dual channel audio amplifier IC. It can be used in two modes; one is Stereo amplifier and another Bridge amplifier mode. The LA4440 is a monolithic linear IC from Sanyo. Here I give the both circuit mode of amplifier using IC LA4440. When the IC LA4440 is Stereo mode in the circuit, its output power is 6w+6w. In stereo mode use two pieces speaker of 2Ωto8Ω. C10 is filter capacitor used to reduce the ripple of supply voltage. Don’t decrease the value of capacitor C6&C7 less than 100uF, 10v, it may causes of the output at low frequencies goes lower. The pin-6 of LA4440 amplifier circuit  is audio input pin; it used in stereo amplifier mode but in bridge mode it is grounded. C8&C9 are polyester film capacitor used to preventing oscillation, and R1&R2 used for the same reason as filter resistor. Though the maximum supply voltage for both circuit of amplifier is 18V but we recommend to use a 12V,3A power supply. Use a good quality heat sink with LA4440. I think...

Description    This circuit is intended for children fun, and can be installed on bicycles, battery powered cars and motorcycles, but also on models and various games and toys. With SW1 positioned as shown in the circuit diagram, the typical dual-tone sound of Police or Fire-brigade cars is generated, by the oscillation of IC1A and IC1B gates. With SW1 set to the other position, the old siren sound increasing in frequency and then slowly decreasing is reproduced, by pushing on P1 that starts oscillation in IC1C and IC1D. The loudspeaker, driven by Q1, should be of reasonable dimensions and well encased, in order to obtain a more realistic and louder output. Tone and period of the sound oscillations can be varied by changing the values of C1, C2, C5, C6 and/or associated resistors. No power switch is required: leave SW1 in the low position (old-type siren) and the circuit consumption will be negligible. Circuit Schematic Diagram Parts: R1 = 470K - 1/4W Resistors R2 = 680K - 1/4...

This is a simple project of Stabilized Regulated Power Supply Circuit Diagram. This circuit of power supply, is very simple and easy to built, it can be assembled on a general-purpose PCB, finding its materials is very easy and cost-small. The output voltage is stabilized and is regulated in the region from 0V until + 15V dc, with biggest provided current 1 A. The regulation becomes with the P1. The Q1 is classic power transistor and it needs to be placed on a cool rib (Heatsink), when it works continuously in the region of biggest current it gets hot. The type of transformer is standard in the market. Circuit diagram: Stabilized Power Supply Circuit Diagram Parts: P1 = 330R-Potentiometer R1 = 560R-2W C1 = 2200uF-35V C2 = 100uF-35V C3 = 10uF-25V C4 = 220uF-25V C5 = 100nF-63V D1 = 18V-1.5W Zener Q1 = 2N3055 NPN Transistor T1 = 220VAC – 18V@ 1.5A BR1 = 4x1N4007 Diode Bridge SW1 = Mains On-Off Switch Sourced By: www.circuitsstream.blogspot.com

This is the schematic design of HiFi Expandor Circuit with De-emphasis . The circuit is based NE570. The NE570 can be used to construct a high performance compandor suitable for use with music. This type of system can be used for noise reduction in tape recorders, transmission systems, bucket brigade delay lines, and digital audio systems. The circuits to be described contain features which improve performance, but are not required for all applications.  HiFi Expandor Circuit  Diagram  The expandor to complement the compressor is shown in the above circuit. Here an external op amp is used for high slew rate. Both the compressor and expandor have unity gain levels of 0dB. Trim networks are shown for distortion (THD) and DC shift. The distortion trim should be done first, with an input of 0dB at 10kHz. The DC shift should be adjusted for minimum envelope bounce with tone bursts. When applied to consumer tape recorders, the subjective performance of this system is excellent....

This cell phone detector circuit can sense the presence of an activated mobile cell phone from a distance of one and-a-half meters. If a RF signal is detected the circuit will inform you using a sound alarm (beep sound ) and a blinking LED . In this type of circuit (that use high frequency 0.9-3Ghz ) you can not use an LC circuit for frequency tuning  . The circuit uses a 0.22μF disk capacitor (C3) to according the RF circuit to ensure the capability of the circuit to capture the mobile phone signal . This cellular phone detector can detect any activity of a mobile phone : incoming or outgoing SMS , video transmission or voice transmission . The C3 capacitor must have leads length of 18 mm with 8 mm spacing between leads to obtain the desired frequency .  This small disk capacitor acts as a small gigahertz loop antenna to collect the RF signals  . The CA3130 operational amplifier IC is used as a current to voltage converter . This cellular phone detector electronic circ...

Simple Acoustic Sensor Circuit diagram. This acoustic sensor was originally developed for an industrial application (monitoring a siren), but will also find many domestic applications. Note that the sensor is designed with safety of operation as the top priority: this means that if it fails then in the worst-case scenario it will not itself generate a false indication that a sound is detected. Also, the sensor connections are protected against polarity reversal and short-circuits. The supply voltage of 24 V is suitable for industrial use, and the output of the sensor swings over the supply voltage range. Simple Acoustic Sensor Circuit diagram : Simple Acoustic Sensor Circuit Diagram The circuit consists of an electret micro-phone, an amplifier, attenuator, rectifier and a switching stage. MIC1 is supplied with a current of 1 mA by R9. T1 amplifies the signal, decoupled from the supply by C1, to about 1 Vpp. R7 sets the collector current of T1 to a maximum of 0.5 mA. The operating poin...

Circuit Schematic Diagram The circuit is drawn with PCB 123 which you can download for free from  http://www.pcb123.com As a keen cyclist I am always looking for ways to be seen at night. I wanted something that was a novelty and would catch the motorists eye. So looking around at my fellow cyclists rear lights, I came up with the idea of 'NITE-RIDER'. NINE extra bright LED's running from left to right and right to left continuously. It could be constructed with red LEDs for use on the rear of the bike or white LED's for an extra eye catcher on the front of the bike. All IC's are CMOS devices so that a 9V PP3 battery can be used, and the current drawn is very low so that it will last as long as possible. Parts 1 555 timer IC4. 1 4027 flip flop IC1. 2 4017 Decade Counter IC2 and IC3. 3 4071 OR gate IC5, IC6 and IC7. 1 470 Ohm resistor 1/4 watt R3. 2 10K resistors 1/4 watt R1 and R2. 1 6.8UF Capasitor 16V C1. 9 Super brght LED's 1 to 9. 1 9V PP3 Battery. 1 single ...

An object is an instance of a class Every object has its own copy of the attributes defined in the class an can perform the behaviurs defined in the class For example if a television class has defined then an object of that class might have values for its attributes as follows: size = 34 serial number = 123459876 production date = 10/06/01 An object is represented in the UML in the following fashion A rectangle is used with an underlined name The name of the object is on the left of a colon The name of the class from which the object is produced is specified on the right fo the colon

This is a simple Using IC IT82207 Sounds from Circuit Diagram. This circuit is able to take you to the world of the Wild West. For this it uses the integrated 18-pin IT82207 (IC1) of Holtek, which literally takes care of everything. You have to do is add a few accessories, including a loudspeaker and six selector switches. From an operational point of view, IT82207 hosts inside a generator noise sequences, that listening to them. Reminiscent of the Wild West. The choice of sound is through the switch 8186, whose importance is noted below. In the resting state, the circuit absorbs power less than 1 Ma. Using IC IT82207 Sounds from Circuit Diagram

The author gave his partner a radio controlled (RC) model car as a gif t. She found it a lot of fun, but thought that adding realistic lights would be a definite improvement. So the author went back to his shed, plugged in his soldering iron, and set to work equipping the car with realistic indicators, headlights, tail lights and brake lights. Lights Control for Model Cars Circuit Diagram The basic idea was to tap into the signal from the radio control receiver and, with a bit of help from a microcontroller, simulate indicators using flashing yellow LEDs and brake lights using red LEDs. Further red LEDs are used for the tail lights, and white LEDs for the headlights. Connectors JP4 and JP5 (channel 0) are wired in parallel, as are JP6 and JP7 (channel 1), allowing the circuit to be inserted into the servo control cables for the steering and drive motor respectively. The ATtiny45 micro-controller takes power from the radio receiver via diode D1. T1 and T2 buffer the servo signals to pro...

Here is a simple circuit of wire-break alarm that activates after a delay of 15 to 30 seconds. When the thin-wire loop running across the entrance door is broken, the alarm sounds after a delay of 15 to 30 seconds, the time period set through VR1. Thus the occupants get sufficient time to lock the room from the outside and catch the thief.  The circuit uses CD4060, which is a 14-stage ripple-carry binary counter/divider and oscillator. It is wired as a timer here and does not need input pulse for trigger. CD4060 gets activated as soon as the power supply is switched on. Output O13 of CD4060 goes high after the lapse of preset delay set through VR1. Transistor SL100 (T2) is wired as a switch to power the timer section built around CD4060. When the wire loop is closed, transistor T2 does not conduct. So power to the timer circuit is not available and the piezobuzzer does not sound.  Wire-Break Alarm With Delay Circuit Schematic On the other hand, when the wire loop is broken by ...

The XM- Lamp LED can be regarded as the highest performance LED , solid state single LED that is capable of producing ultra-bright light intensities . These LED s offer a unique combination of high efficiency , it is able to efficiently provide 1000 lumens 100 lumens per watt at 3 , 5 mm x 5 mm. The circuit described here can be used for applications in residential lighting and automotive LED s should be mounted on suitable heat sinks for optimal performance . For more information on this, you can consult the datasheet in the link below . Create XLamp XM-LED Circuit Diagram Specifications : Size ( mm x mm ) 5 x 5 Maximum unit current ( A) 3 Maximum power ( W) 10 Light output Up to 1040 lm 10 W @ Typical forward voltage ( V) 3.1 Viewing angle ( degrees ) 125 ANSI binning Thermal Resistance ( ° C / W ) 2.5 Yes Reflow - solderable - JEDEC J -STD - 020C - compatible RoHS and REACH - compliant Yes UL recognized component ...

 These two mounting methods were devised to protect PC boards from vibration when installed in the engine compartment of a car. They could also be used in other applications where vibration is a problem. Method 1 involves rigidly mounting the PC board inside a diecast box and then mounting the box itself to provide vibration isolation. As shown, small grommets are installed in suitably sized holes in the sides of the box. The box is then secured to angle mounting brackets using M4 screws, washers and nylock nuts. Method 2 involves mounting the diecast case onto the chassis of the car and then mounting the PC board as shown, using M3 screws, grommets, hollow spacers and nylock nuts. In this case, the grommets are fitted into suitably sized holes in the PC board itself. Once the nuts are tightened, the PC board should be able to move slightly, relative to the box. If there is not enough space on the board to fit the grommets, then Method 1 is the way to do it. Author: David Boyes - ...

Li-Ion DRIVER WITH EXTERNAL PWM DIMMING ELECTRONIC DIAGRAM This boost converter is quite useful to improve conversion efficiency, reduce output ripple, and the use of small external components. In default, the LED current is set with external sensor resistor Rset, feed back voltage is regulated to 2000 miliVolts. During the operation, the current LED can be controlled using 1-wire digital interface through CTRL pin or with PWM signal that applied to the CTRL pin through the duty cycle. It determines the feedback reference voltage. The device also has a feature of integrated open LED protection that will disable the boost converter, this is to prevent the output from exceeding the absolute maximum ratings during open LED condition. L1: Murata LQH3NPN100NM0 C1: Murata GRM188R61A105K C2: Murata GRM188R61E474K D1: ONsemi MBR0540T1

Build a Simple Solar Powered Long Range FM Transmitter Circuit Diagram . This is very stable, harmonic free, long range fm transmitter circuit which can be used for fm frequencies this one is unique in that it runs completely on solar power. No battery is required. As long as the sun is shining on the PV panel, the transmitter will transmit. The transmitter bug is useful as a "remote ear", and can be used for anything from listening birds to surveillance work. The mic preamp and oscillator circuits were borrowed from a common circuit found around the Internet, a regulated solar power supply and an RF amp that extends the range of transmitter and improves frequency stability were added.    Simple Solar Powered Long Range FM Transmitter Circuit Diagram Theory The solar power supply consists of a small 18V PV panel which charges a 1000uF electrolytic capacitor. The capacitor keeps the circuit running during brief interruptions of light, such as a bird flying over the PV panel. T...

This is a simple project of Line Following Robot Sensor Circuit Diagram. This Line Following Robot sensor or surface scanner for robots is a very simple, stamp-sized, short range (5-10mm) Infrared proximity detector wired around a standard reflective opto-sensor CNY70(IC1). In some disciplines, a line following robot or an electronic toy vehicle go along a predrawn black line on a white surface. In such devices, a surface scanner, pointed at the surface is used to align the right track. IC1 contains an infrared LED and a phototransistor. The LED emit invisible infrared light on the track and the phototransistor works as a receiver. Usually, black colored surface reflects less light than white surface and more current will flow through the phototransistor when it is above a white surface. When a reflection is detected (IR light falls on the phototransistor) a current flows through R2 to ground which generates a voltage drop at the base of T1 to make it conduct. As a result, transistor T...